Search Results for Landau

Biographies

1. Landau biography
   
   • Edmund Georg Hermann Landau .
     
   • Edmund Landau's father Leopold Landau was a gynaecologist who was both a patriotic German and someone who was politically active in support of the Jewish cause.
     
   • Edmund Landau's mother, Johanna Jacoby, was from the Jacoby family of leading bankers.
     
   • Landau attended the French Lycee in Berlin, graduating at the age of 16 which is two years earlier than was normal.
     
   • His doctoral work there was supervised by Frobenius, and Landau received his doctorate in 1899 for a thesis on number theory.
     
   • Landau was always interested in mathematical puzzles and even before he received his doctorate he had published two books on mathematical problems in chess.
     
   • Frobenius was somewhat critical of the area that Landau worked in, and remarked at times that Landau's work would cease to become important if the Riemann hypothesis were proved.
     
   • There is little doubt that Frobenius was quite wrong in his assessment of Landau's mathematical talents, but this did not affect Landau's self-confidence in any way.
     
   • Landau taught at the University of Berlin as a privatdozent from 1899 until 1909.
     
   • Landau worked hard to have Schur fill the chair but, against Landau's wishes, Courant was appointed.
     
   • However, despite his outstanding talents as both a teacher and researcher, Landau managed to annoy many of his colleagues at Gottingen with his somewhat arrogant manner.
     
   • Landau was also something of a cynical snob.
     
   • Usually it was because he privately, and often publicly, criticised their results, although one would have to say that Landau was extremely knowledgeable and was almost always mathematically correct [Mathematicians under the Nazis (Princeton, NJ, 2003).',3)">3]:- .
     
   • Landau was a mathematician of encyclopaedic knowledge of the literature in his special areas of expertise, meticulous to a fault, and always devoted to finding the simplest possible result.
     
   • After Koebe and Bieberbach had disputed in 1921 the significance of certain results each had published, Landau entered the argument the following year by writing a joint letter to the two of them in which he said that Koebe was the more correct of the two, but still not correct enough.
     
   • Of course usually mathematicians are delighted to see others using their results to push forward, and consider it a compliment if someone publishes a new proof of their results, but it seems to be the arrogant way that Landau did such things that annoyed his colleagues.
     
   • Landau also criticised proofs of theorems published by Blaschke, again saying that the proofs were unnecessarily complicated.
     
   • Wouldn't you like to free Gottingen from Landau? .
     
   • Despite having friends who were well informed as to what the Nazis might do if they came to power, Landau failed to recognise the danger.
     
   • Landau is said to have replied [Mathematicians under the Nazis (Princeton, NJ, 2003).',3)">3]:- .
     
   • In fact before any official work reached Gottingen from the Ministry, the Dean wrote to Landau on 28 April asking him not to give his summer lecture courses and these were given instead by Landau's assistant.
     
   • Having received no further advice from the university authorities, Landau decided to give his autumn lectures as advertised.
     
   • Schappacher, in [Das Mathematische Institut der Universitat Gottingen, in H Becker, H-T Dahms and C Wegeler (eds.), Die Universitat Gottingen unter dem Nationalsozialismus (Munich, 1987), 344-373.',10)">10], quotes a letter from Landau in which he described in unemotional terms what happened on the first day of lectures:- .
     
   • Teichmuller, as leader of the students, had organised the boycott of Landau's lectures.
     
   • In fact Teichmuller went to Landau's office after the boycott and explained that it was not the work of any organised group.
     
   • Landau then asked Teichmuller to put this in writing and he included it with his request to the Ministry that he be retired.
     
   • Landau was given permission on 19 November to work at Groningen, in the Netherlands, and the permission was later extended to allow him to remain there for the winter semester.
     
   • Landau's main work was in analytic number theory and the distribution of primes.
     
   • Landau himself discovered some of the theorems and demonstrated others in a new and simpler fashion.
     
   • Written with the greatest care, Landau's books are characterised by argumentation which is complete, and as simple as possible.
     
   • Landau wrote over 250 papers on number theory which had a major influence on the development of the subject.
     
   • Edmund Landau's Foundations of Analysis Prefaces .
     
   • Edmund Landau's Foundations of Analysis Contents .
     
   • Honours awarded to Edmund Landau .
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Landau.html .
     

2. Landau Lev biography
   
   • Lev Davidovich Landau .
     
   • Lev Landau's mother had trained in medicine and she had undertaken work in physiology, while his father was a petroleum engineer who worked at the oil fields in Baku on the Caspian Sea.
     
   • Landau was still only fourteen years old when he entered Baku University (later called the Kirov Azerbaijan State University) in 1922 and by this time he was already enthusiastic about mathematics, physics and chemistry.
     
   • In 1929 Landau set off on eighteen months foreign travel, visiting Germany, Switzerland, Holland, England, Belgium, and Denmark.
     
   • His participation in Bohr's seminar played an important role in Landau's development as a theoretical physicist.
     
   • From that time on he considered himself a pupil of Bohr and it was Bohr's influence that dictated the direction of Landau's future work.
     
   • The visit to Copenhagen also seemed to mark a change in Landau's character [The Times [available on the Web]',2)">2]:- .
     
   • Landau, then and for some years afterwards, was an extremely provocative young man, who liked to shock.
     
   • In 1932, soon after he returned to Leningrad, Landau was appointed as head of the Theory Division of the Ukrainian Technical Institute in Kharkov and he was also appointed to the chair of theoretical physics at the Kharkov Institute of Mechanical Engineering.
     
   • Landau presided; Bohr opened the discussions on all papers ..
     
   • Soon afterward Landau was back in Copenhagen at a conference organised by Bohr [The Times [available on the Web]',2)">2]:- .
     
   • Landau soon made his School in Kharkov the centre of theoretical physics in the USSR.
     
   • In 1937 Landau went to Moscow to become Head of the Theory Division of the Physical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
     
   • Landau devised a theory to explain such behaviour which was published in 1941.
     
   • In 1938, Landau was imprisoned for a year as a suspected German spy.
     
   • Russian scientists tried to force the authorities to release him, with the leading physicist Peter Kapitza claiming he would stop his scientific work unless Landau was released.
     
   • Kapitsa and Niels Bohr both wrote letters to Stalin insisting that Landau must be released.
     
   • Another major contribution made by Landau was the writing of a number of outstanding textbooks and research monographs.
     
   • His most famous book, however, is his ten volume Course of Theoretical Physics written jointly with E M Lifshitz who was Landau's research student.
     
   • Lifshitz continued to work on the book after Landau's death and it was not completed until 1979.
     
   • The work includes many of the results of Landau and Lifshitz's research over many years including the results of many jointly written research papers.
     
   • In 1962, Landau was involved in a car accident after which he was unconscious for six weeks [The Times [available on the Web]',2)">2]:- .
     
   • Remarkably Landau regained consciousness and although in most ways he returned to normal, he could never again perform creative work.
     
   • We have given some quotes above concerning Landau's character.
     
   • Landau received many international honours for his contributions.
     
   • Honours awarded to Lev Landau .
     
   • Lunar featuresCrater Landau .
     
   • Nobel prizes site (A biography of Lev Landau and his Nobel prize presentation speech) .
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Landau_Lev.html .
     

3. Heilbronn biography
   
   • There Heilbronn began to undertake research in number theory, his studies being directed by Edmund Landau.
     
   • In 1930 Heilbronn was appointed as Landau's assistant and he continued to work for his doctorate.
     
   • This thesis earned Heilbronn his doctorate in 1933 and by the end of that year he had six publications, some of them joint publications with Landau.
     
   • The authors of [Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society of London 22 (1976), 119-135.',3)">3] describe Heilbronn's relations with Landau:- .
     
   • By all accounts Landau was a rather formidable man and a demanding task master.
     
   • Landau came to have a very high opinion of him and, judging by letters he wrote on his behalf in 1933, considered him his star pupil.
     
   • On the other hand, those years with Landau were formative ones for Heilbronn.
     
   • In the shorter term, Landau also clearly exerted an influence on Heilbronn's mathematical style ..
     
   • It was not only Landau who formed a high opinion of Heilbronn.
     

4. Lifshitz biography
   
   • In 1933 I began as a graduate student at the Ukrainian Physicotechnical Institute, under Lev Landau.
     
   • In 1954 I was awarded a State Prize, and in 1962 the Lenin Prize jointly with Lev Landau for our Course of Theoretical Physics.
     
   • The Academy of Sciences awarded me the Lomonosov Prize in 1958 and The Lev Landau Prize in 1974.
     
   • Lifshitz is perhaps best remembered for his ten volume Course of Theoretical Physics written jointly with Lev Landau.
     
   • Lifshitz continued to work on the book after Lev Landau's death and it was not completed until 1979.
     
   • The work includes many of the results of Lifshitz's research over many years including in particular the results of many research papers written jointly with Lev Landau.
     
   • In the latter part of his research activities, particularly after the death of Lev Landau, he work on singularities in the cosmological solutions of the equations of general relativity.
     

5. Schoenberg biography
   
   • At Gottingen Schoenberg met Edmund Landau and it was Landau who arranged a visit for Schoenberg to the Hebrew University of Jerusalem which he made in 1928.
     
   • Landau, however, proved important in other ways in Schoenberg's life.
     
   • In 1930, after his return from Jerusalem, Schoenberg married Landau's daughter Charlotte in Berlin.
     
   • Although he never produced a joint publication with his father-in-law Landau, he did spend a great deal of his time working on problems that Landau had considered.
     

6. Jarnik biography
   
   • In 1923 he went to the University of Gottingen to work with Edmund Landau.
     
   • Returning to his post in Prague in 1924, he was again to visit Gottingen in session 1927/28 when he worked with Landau.
     
   • Landau also made important contributions and in 1915 Hardy and Landau proved that d > 1/2.
     
   • Jarnik and Landau studied the same problem for curves and surfaces other than circles.
     

7. Bohr Harald biography
   
   • He collaborated with Edmund Landau, who was at this time at Gottingen, in studying the Riemann zeta function.
     
   • In 1914 they proved the Bohr-Landau theorem on the distribution of zeros of the zeta function.
     
   • Some of this important work on the zeta function was due to Bohr alone, some came from the collaboration with Landau.
     
   • Bohr and Landau proved that all but an infinitesimal proportion of the zeros of the zeta function lie in a small neighbourhood of the line s = 1/2 .
     

8. Ostrowski biography
   
   • Permission was not granted so Grave wrote to Edmund Landau and Hensel in Germany asking for their help.
     
   • Both Landau and Hensel offered to help solve Ostrowski's problem and invited him to Germany.
     
   • When the war ended in 1918, Ostrowski was free to move around Germany and he went to Gottingen where Klein, Hilbert and Landau were major influences on him.
     
   • He worked at Gottingen for his doctorate under Hilbert and Landau and it was awarded with distinction in 1920.
     

9. Bernays biography
   
   • He undertook his pure mathematics studies first at the University of Berlin where he was taught by Schur, Edmund Landau, Frobenius, Schottky and Planck.
     
   • From 1910 until 1912 he studied at Gottingen where he attended lectures by Hilbert, Landau, Weyl, Klein, W Voight and Born.
     
   • It was at Gottingen that he obtained his doctorate in 1912, working with Landau on analytic number theory and binary quadratic forms.
     

10. Doetsch biography
    
    • After the war ended he was able to continue with his academic studies, first in Frankfurt and then in Gottingen where his doctoral dissertation Eine neue Verallgemeinerung der Borelschen Summabilitatstheorie der divergenten Reihen was supervised by Edmund Landau.
      
    • Doetsch had collaborated with a number of Jewish mathematicians; his doctoral supervisor was Edmund Landau and his collaborator on the Laplace transform was Felix Bernstein, both Jewish mathematicians.
      
    • Both Edmund Landau and Felix Bernstein were dismissed from their posts, actions which were approved of by Doetsch, who gave his full support to Bieberbach in his attempt to become chairman of the German Mathematical Society in 1934.
      

11. Bieberbach biography
    
    • In 1934 Edmund Landau was dismissed from his post at Gottingen.
      
    • A few months ago differences with the Gottingen student body ended the teaching activities of Herr Landau.
      
    • The instincts of the Gottingen students felt that Landau was a type who handled things in an un-German manner.
      

12. Nevanlinna biography
    
    • In 1920 he received an invitation from Edmund Landau to go to Gottingen but he did not accept immediately.
      
    • His first visit was to belatedly accept Landau's invitation to go to Gottingen which he did in 1924.
      
    • In addition to Landau he met Hilbert, Courant and Emmy Noether in Gottingen.
      

13. Wiener Norbert biography
    
    • In 1914 he went to Gottingen to study differential equations under Hilbert, and also attended a group theory course by Edmund Landau.
      
    • He was influence by Hilbert, Landau and Russell but also, perhaps to an even greater degree, by Hardy.
      

14. Szasz biography
    
    • Other work by Szasz made major contributions to questions posed by Landau on the maximum modulus of the partial sums of a power series.
      
    • All these results were achieved before 1933 and many of the mathematicians we have mentioned, such as Perron, Pringsheim, Edmund Landau, and Fejer were all Szasz's personal friends.
      

15. Novikov Sergi biography
    
    • Novikov became head of the Mathematics Division at the L D Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1971.
      
    • Since 1996 he has been working at the University of Maryland in the United States but retains close links with Russia with a research appointments in Moscow University, in the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, and as Head of the Geometry and Topology research groups at the Steklov Institute.
      

16. Mohr Ernst biography
    
    • Hasse's appointment was confirmed by the Ministry of Education, and Erherd Tornier, a favourite of the Nazi regime, was appointed to fill Landau's position.
      
    • This had become vacant due to Landau being forced to resign after Teichmuller, as leader of the students, organised a boycott of his lectures since he was Jewish.
      

17. Rademacher biography
    
    • At Gottingen he also studied number theory with Landau but the outbreak of World War I in 1914 meant that Rademacher had to undertake research while serving in the German army, which he did from 1914 to 1916.
      
    • methods and results in analytic number theory after the work of Landau, Hardy and Littlewood.
      

18. Hurwitz biography
    
    • Hurwitz informed E Landau about Kakeya's result (corrected); Landau needed the result in a proof of a theorem on infinite power series.
      

19. Suetuna biography
    
    • While he was there he read Edmund Landau's two volume work on the distribution of the primes and then began to read the papers of Hardy and Littlewood which were being published at that time.
      
    • In 1927 Suetuna went to study in Europe, in particular spending two years at Gottingen with Landau's school.
      

20. Peierls biography
    
    • At Zurich, Peierls worked with Lev Landau who was visiting Zurich.
      
    • In the summer of 1930 Peierls went to a conference in Odessa where he met not only with Lev Landau, but also many of his colleagues.
      

21. Brauer Alfred biography
    
    • In [Gesammelte Abhandlungen (Berlin, 1973).',1)">1] Brauer describes the events following Edmund Landau's death:- .
      
    • When Landau died in February 1938, Schur was supposed to give an address at his funeral.
      

22. Rogers James biography
    
    • which seems to be due to Holder: see Edmund Landau (1907)".
      
    • As we can see Holder was luckier that Pringsheim (1902), Jensen (1906), Landau (1907), Riesz (1910, 1913), Hardy (1920) and then Hardy-Littlewood-Polya [Inequalities (Cambridge, 1934).',1)">1] put Holder name instead of Rogers's name to that inequality and now almost everybody refers to it as Holder's inequality.
      

23. Steinhaus biography
    
    • There he was influenced by an amazingly strong group of mathematicians including Felix Bernstein, Caratheodory, Courant, Herglotz, Hilbert, Klein, Koebe, Edmund Landau Landau (although he only arrived in Gottingen after Steinhaus had been there three years), Runge, Toeplitz, and Zermelo.
      

24. Sierpinski biography
    
    • In 1913 Edmund Landau shortened Sierpinski's proof and described the result as profound.
      
    • In 1915 Hardy and Landau proved that d > 1/2, while in 1923 van der Corput proved that d < 2/3.
      

25. Siegel biography
    
    • His doctoral dissertation at Gottingen was supervised by Edmund Landau and Siegel then continued to study for his habilitation.
      
    • The whole style of the author contradicts the sense for simplicity and honesty which we admire in the works of the masters in number theory - Lagrange, Gauss, or on a smaller scale, Hardy, Landau.
      

26. Mahler biography
    
    • He read works by Edmund Landau, Konrad Knopp, Felix Klein and David Hilbert among others, a remarkable achievement for someone with little mathematical background and nobody to offer guidance.
      
    • In 1925 Siegel left Frankfurt for a period of overseas visits, and Mahler moved to Gottingen where he attended lectures by Emmy Noether, Richard Courant, Edmund Landau, Max Born, Werner Heisenberg, David Hilbert and Alexander Ostrowski, and acted as an unpaid assistant to Norbert Wiener.
      

27. Vallee Poussin biography
    
    • I offered myself the beginnings of an answer to this very problem in 1908, while studying the approximation given by Edmund Landau's integral.
      

28. Polya biography
    
    • He then spent much of 1912 and 1913 at Gottingen where he mixed with a whole host of leading mathematicians such as Klein, Caratheodory, Hilbert, Runge, Edmund Landau, Weyl, Hecke, Courant and Toeplitz.
      

29. Kober biography
    
    • Kober chose to study at Gottingen, famed as a centre for mathematics, where he was one of Landau's first students.
      

30. Szego biography
    
    • After attending university in Budapest, Szego went to Berlin where he studied under, among others, Frobenius, Schwarz, Knopp and Schottky, and Gottingen where he studied with Hilbert, Edmund Landau and Haar.
      

31. Hecke biography
    
    • After Breslau he worked under Edmund Landau at Berlin and then from there he went to Gottingen where he worked under Hilbert.
      

32. Thue biography
    
    • Edmund Landau, in 1922, described Thue's work as:- .
      

33. Kuttner biography
    
    • Kuttner spent a while in Gottingen studying with Edmund Landau and received his doctorate in 1934.
      

34. Stackel biography
    
    • First on their list of candidates was Landau at Gottingen, but he turned down the offer, not wanting to leave the comfort of his current post in order to have the relatively major task of creating the new position in Heidelberg.
      

35. Behnke biography
    
    • He entered Gottingen University in the autumn of 1918 where he attended lectures by Hilbert, Landau and Hecke.
      

36. Montel biography
    
    • Montel's idea of normal families proved to be powerful in many connections, for example in the proof of the Picard-Landau-Schottky theorems, and it became central in the theory of iterations of analytic functions started by Emile Picard and developed by Fatou and Julia.
      

37. Schur biography
    
    • When Landau died in February 1938, Schur was supposed to give an address at his funeral.
      

38. Plancherel biography
    
    • In Gottingen, he followed the courses of Felix Klein, David Hilbert and Edmund Landau, and got to know Herman Weyl, his future colleague at ETH Zurich.
      

39. Finck biography
    
    • Finck was then adopted and brought up in the town of Landau in der Pfalz.
      

40. Feigenbaum biography
    
    • Now again general relativity was a topic which he studied on his own, reading the book Course of Theoretical Physics by Lev Landau and Evgenii Lifshitz.
      

41. Finsler biography
    
    • Among his teachers at Gottingen were a host of top mathematicians including Hecke, Hilbert, Klein, Edmund Landau, Runge, Born and Caratheodory.
      

42. Vinogradov biography
    
    • Even in Edmund Landau's three volume work on number theory, published in 1927, prominence is given to Vinogradov's methods.
      

43. Plessner biography
    
    • In 1921 Plessner went to Gottingen where he took courses on Dirichlet series and Galois theory by Edmund Landau; algebraic number fields by Emmy Noether; and calculus of variations by Courant.
      

44. Mises biography
    
    • His father, Arthur Edler von Mises, worked for the Austrian State Railways as a technical expert and his mother was Adele von Landau.
      

45. Hua biography
    
    • During the Cambridge period Hua became friendly with Harold Davenport and Hans Heilbronn, then two young research fellows of Trinity College - one a former student of Littlewood and the other Landau's last assistant in Gottingen - with whom he shared a deep interest in the Hardy-Littlewood approach to additive problems akin to Waring's.
      

46. Teichmuller biography
    
    • On 2 November 1933 Teichmuller led the student boycott of Edmund Landau's lectures.
      
    • Before any official word reached Gottingen from the Ministry, the Dean wrote to Landau on 28 April asking him not to give his summer lecture courses and these were given instead by Landau's assistant Werner Weber.
      
    • Having received no further advice from the university authorities, Landau decided to give his autumn lectures as advertised.
      
    • Landau described in unemotional terms what happened on the first day of lectures (see [Mathematicians under the Nazis (Princeton, NJ, 2003).',4)">4]):- .
      
    • Teichmuller, as the leader of the boycott, went to Landau's office and discussed what had happened.
      
    • Landau requested that Teichmuller put his views in writing and he did so.
      
    • For example he convinced Landau's assistant Werner Weber so that he joined the Nazi Party in 1933.
      

47. Rajagopal biography
    
    • He also studied functions of a complex variable giving an analogue of a theorem of Edmund Landau on partial sums of Fourier series.
      

48. Stepanov biography
    
    • Luzin, who was a little ahead of Stepanov, had travelled abroad visiting Gottingen where he had been inspired by Edmund Landau.
      
    • Stepanov also spent some time in Gottingen where he attended lectures by both David Hilbert and Edmund Landau.
      

49. Mirsky biography
    
    • During this time he took a passionate interest in the theory of numbers and became a great admirer of Edmund Landau.
      

50. Gelfond biography
    
    • He was particularly influenced by Hilbert, Siegel and Landau during his visit.
      

51. Gentzen biography
    
    • He was taught by Bernays, Caratheodory, Courant, Hilbert, Kneser, Edmund Landau and, of course, his supervisor Weyl.
      

52. Warschawski biography
    
    • Although the university was staffed by leading mathematicians like Landau, Courant, and Herglotz, whose courses he took, it was Alexander Ostrowski, at that time a privatdozent, who supervised Warschawski's research.
      

53. Feynman biography
    
    • Feynman seemed to possess a frightening ease with the substance behind the equations, like Einstein at the same age, like the Soviet physicist Lev Landau - but few others.
      

54. Reidemeister biography
    
    • Kurt Reidemeister was examined as a student by Landau and became an assistant of Hecke.
      

55. Hudson biography
    
    • After leaving Cambridge, Hilda Hudson went to Germany for a year spending the time studying at the University of Berlin with Schwarz, Schottky, Edmund Landau and others.
      

56. Frobenius biography
    
    • These included Edmund Landau who was awarded his doctorate in 1899, Issai Schur who was awarded his doctorate in 1901, and Robert Remak who was awarded his doctorate in 1910.
      

57. Knopp biography
    
    • Following this he went to the University of Berlin where he was taught by Schwarz, Frobenius, Schottky, Landau and Schur, receiving a qualification to teach in 1906 and a doctorate in 1907.
      

58. Hardy biography
    
    • He was a natural collaborator who also wrote joint papers with Titchmarsh, Ingham, Edmund Landau, Polya, E M Wright, W W Rogosinski and Marcel Riesz.
      

59. Hasse biography
    
    • His teachers there included Edmund Landau, Hilbert, Emmy Noether and Hecke.
      

60. Luzin biography
    
    • In 1910 Luzin travelled abroad visiting Gottingen where he was influenced by Edmund Landau.
      

History Topics

1. Pi history
   
   • It is almost unbelievable that a definition of π was used, at least as an excuse, for a racial attack on the eminent mathematician Edmund Landau in 1934.
     Go directly to this paragraph
     
   • Landau had defined π in this textbook published in Gottingen in that year by the, now fairly usual, method of saying that π/2 is the value of x between 1 and 2 for which cos x vanishes.
     Go directly to this paragraph
     
   • This unleashed an academic dispute which was to end in Landau's dismissal from his chair at Gottingen.
     Go directly to this paragraph
     
   • Bieberbach, an eminent number theorist who disgraced himself by his racist views, explains the reasons for Landau's dismissal:- .
     Go directly to this paragraph
     
   • Thus the valiant rejection by the Gottingen student body which a great mathematician, Edmund Landau, has experienced is due in the final analysis to the fact that the un-German style of this man in his research and teaching is unbearable to German feelings.
     

Famous Curves

Societies etc

1. AMS Bôcher Prize
   
   • for his fundamental contributions to our understanding of the Ginzburg-Landau equations with a small parameter.
     

2. Times Obituaries
   
   • Lev Landau's biographyThe obituary (1968) .
     

3. Nobel Prizes
   
   • 1962 Landau, Lev .
     

4. Lunar features
   

5. Lunar features
   
   • (W) (L) Landau (Lev) .
     

6. Lunar features
   
   • Landau (Lev) .
     

7. LMS Honorary Member
   
   • 1924 E Landau .
     

8. International Congress Speakers
   
   • Edmund Landau, Geloste und ungeloste Probleme aus der Theorie der Primzahlverteilung und der Riemannschen Zetafunktion.
     

9. Fellow of the Royal Society
   
   • Lev Landau 1960 .
     

10. European Mathematical Society Prizes
    
    • was the first to make a systematic and impressive asymptotic analysis for the case of large parameters in Theory of Ginzburg-Landau equation.
      

11. BMC 1997
    
    • Brezis, HRecent developments on the Ginzburg Landau equation in 2D .
      

References

1. References for Landau Lev
   
   • References for Lev Landau .
     
   • I M Khalatnikov, Landau : the physicist and the man: recollections of L D Landau (Oxford, 1989).
     
   • A Livanova, Landau : a great physicist and teacher (Oxford, 1980).
     
   • D ter Haar, Men of Physics : L D Landau (Oxford, 1969).
     
   • A I Akhiezer, Recollections of Lev Davidivich Landau, Physics today 47 (6) (1994),35-42.
     
   • V L Ginzburg, Landau's attitude towards physics and physicists, Physics today 42 (5) (1989), 54-61.
     
   • I M Khalatnikov, Reminiscences of Landau, Physics today 42 (5) (1989),34-41.
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Landau_Lev.html .
     

2. References for Landau
   
   • References for Edmund Landau .
     
   • W Kluge, Landau, E., Staatsprufungsarbeit (University of Druisburg, 1983).
     
   • M Chowdhury, Landau and Teichmuller, The Mathematical Intelligencer 17 (2) (1995), 12-14.
     
   • G H Hardy and H A Heilbronn, Edmund Landau, J.
     
   • Collected Works of Edmund Landau, Bull.
     
   • K Knopp, Edmund Landau, Jahresberichte der Deutschen Mathematiker vereinigung 54 (1) (1951), 55-62.
     
   • L Mirsky, In memory of Edmund Landau - Glimpses from the panorama of number theory and analysis, Math.
     
   • N Schappacher, Edmund Landau's Gottingen : From the life and death of a great mathematical centre, The Mathematical Intelligencer 13 (4) (1991), 12-18.
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Landau.html .
     

3. References for Pless
   
   • Birman, Haimo, Landau, Srinivasan, Pless and Taylor, In her own words : Six mathematicians reflect on their lives and careers, Notices Amer.
     

4. References for Teichmuller
   
   • M Chowdhury, Landau and Teichmuller, The Mathematical Intelligencer 17 (2) (1995), 12-14.
     

5. References for Dedekind
   
   • E Landau, Richard Dedekind, Nachrichten von der Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen (1917), 50-70.
     

6. References for Bohr Niels
   
   • V A Shukov, Unknown letters of L D Landau to Niels Bohr (Russian), Voprosy Istor.
     

Additional material

1. Edmund Landau: 'Foundations of Analysis' Prefaces
   
   • Edmund Landau: Foundations of Analysis Prefaces .
     
   • In 1930 Edmund Landau's Grundlagen der Analysis was published by the Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M.B.H., Leipzig.
     
   • In 1951 an English translation of Landau's work by F Steinhardt of Columbia University in New York was published by the Chelsea Publishing Company.
     
   • See Landau's Contents for a list of the chapter and section headings.
     
   • They tell us much about Landau and his attitude towards teaching mathematics: .
     
   • EDMUND LANDAU .
     
   • Forgive me for "theeing" and "thouing" you.[ In the German edition Professor Landau uses the familiar "du" (thou) throughout this preface.
     
   • E Landau, Vorlesungen uber Zahlentheorie, Vol.
     
   • EDMUND LANDAU .
     
   • EDMUND LANDAU .
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Extras/Landau_Foundations.html .
     

2. Edmund Landau: 'Foundations of Analysis' Contents
   
   • Edmund Landau: Foundations of Analysis Contents .
     
   • In 1930 Edmund Landau's Grundlagen der Analysis was published by the Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M.B.H., Leipzig.
     
   • In 1951 an English translation of Landau's work by F Steinhardt of Columbia University in New York was published by the Chelsea Publishing Company.
     
   • For the two Prefaces see Landau's Foundations.
     
   • EDMUND LANDAU .
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Extras/Landau_Contents.html .
     

3. Three Sadleirian Professors
   
   • Landau's Vorlesungen uber Zahlentheorie (1927) gives great prominence to a set of theorems which he calls the first, second, third and fourth Hardy-Littlewood theorems.
     
   • He also mentions the Hardy identity, the Hardy-Landau identity, and Hardy's theorem on the roots of the Zeta-functions.
     

4. Friedrich Hirzebruch addresses the 1998 ICM
   
   • Among the presidents of the Society in this period were Felix Klein, Alexander Wilhelm von Brill, Max Noether, David Hilbert, Alfred Pringsheim, Friedrich Engel, Kurt Hensel, Edmund Landau, Erich Hecke, Otto Blumenthal, and Hermann Weyl.
     
   • Edmund Landau lost his chair in Gottingen in 1934.
     

5. Hardy and Veblen on Erdos
   
   • An older person like Landau or myself can to some extent get over this, but it must be rather difficult for a quite young man like E.
     

6. George Szekeres's student years
   
   • As a result, even during my chemistry studies I never lost contact with mathematics and read avidly any mathematical book that came my way (for instance I read through Landau's three-volume book Number Theory).
     

7. Otto Neugebauer - a biographical sketch
   
   • Moving on to Gottingen the following year, he studied mathematics under Professors Richard Courant, Edmund Georg Hermann Landau, and the late Emmy Noether, Egyptian under Professors Hermann Kees and the late Kurt Sethe.
     

8. Max Deuring's publications
   
   • M Deuring, Analytische Klassenzahlformeln, in Number Theory and Analysis : Papers in Honour of Edmund Landau (Plenum, New York, 1969), 55-75.
     

Quotations

1. A quotation by Landau Lev
   
   • A quotation by Lev Landau .
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Quotations/Landau_Lev.html .
     

2. Quotations by Landau
   
   • Quotations by Edmund Landau .
     
   • http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Quotations/Landau.html .
     

Chronology

1. Mathematical Chronology
   
   • Edmund Landau gives the first systematic presentation of analytic number theory.
     
   • Harald Bohr and Edmund Landau prove their theorem on the distribution of zeros of the zeta function.
     

2. Chronology for 1900 to 1910
   
   • Edmund Landau gives the first systematic presentation of analytic number theory.
     

3. Chronology for 1910 to 1920
   
   • Harald Bohr and Edmund Landau prove their theorem on the distribution of zeros of the zeta function.